The Story of ESSIAC Herbal Tea - by Rene M. Caisse, R.N.

The many reasons why I was not put in prison for running an open "Cancer Clinic" at Bracebridge, Ontario, for eight years were:

First: Because I achieved good results in animal research, under the observation of medical doctors. My treatments caused a regression of the malignant growth in mice, and prolonged life.

Second: Because I achieved the same results on humans, always treating with the permission of medical men of good standing, and under their observation.

Third: Because I had clinical x-ray and pathological proof of results, after everything known to medical science had failed.

Fourth: Because fifty-five thousand (55,000) persons signed a petition to the Ontario Government Legislature in favour of my treatment for cancer; three hundred and eighty-seven (387) patients and many doctors signed this same petition, which was presented to a legislative committee of fifty-nine (59) members of parliament. I lost out by only three (3) votes.

I lost because the doctors had assured the Legislature beforehand that they would appoint a "Cancer Commission" to hear my case, and to give my treatment a fair hearing which proved to be a very unfair hearing, as you will see by this story.

Notes: This Cancer Commission could not accuse me of NOT getting good results, because I had the living proof. They could not accuse me of exploiting the public, for I never made a charge for ESSIAC treatment, and many of the patients treated during the 1930's are still living.
I Was Canada's Cancer Nurse

In 1959, Caisse was working with Fawcett Publishing editor, Ralph Daigh and a major Boston hospital to conduct major testing on Essiac's effectiveness. These efforts led to her involvement with John F. Kennedy's personal physician, Dr. Charles A. Brusch, MD, of Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1989, Dr. Brusch revealed that he had cured his own cancer using Essiac daily since his own cancer was discovered in 1984. Dr. Brusch continued Caisse's Essiac work after her death.

http://www.usaidscure.com/Cancer-Cure.html

Mounting evidence that tea may potentially be beneficial to Alzheimer's and other diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.

There is something sinister afoot when it comes to cancer research ... Dr. Linus Pauling who some years ago claimed that as long as there's a lot of money to be made in cancer research and the sale of chemotherapy drugs, cancer won't be cured.

Bioavailability and antioxidant cctivity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement.

Polyphenols in brewed green tea inhibit prostate tumor xenograft growth by localizing to the tumor, decreasing oxidative stress & angiogenesis.

Inhibitory effect & mechanisms of anthocyanins & anthocyanidins-rich extract from purple-shoot tea on colorectal carcinoma cell proliferation.

The tea plant Camellia sinesis is cultivated in >30 countries. Epidemiologic observations and laboratory studies have indicated that polyphenolic compounds present in tea may reduce the risk of a variety of illnesses, including cancer and coronary heart disease.

This study found that Yerba Mate extract has potent anti-obesity activityin vivo. Additionally, we observed that Yerba Mate treatment has a modulatory effect on glucose levels related to obesity.

The data presented in this study suggest that Yerba Mate extract may act synergistically to suppress body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation and to decrease the serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which has a fundamental role in metabolism and homeostasis regulation.

The production and secretion of an excess or insufficient amount of adipokines greatly influence insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis and may provide a molecular link between increased adiposity and the development of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, and cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, the level of leptin in serum was directly affected by a high-fat diet. Additionally, treatment with Yerba Mate extract recovered the concentration of leptin.

Mate tea consumption improved the glycemic control and lipid profile of T2DM subjects, and mate tea consumption combined with nutritional intervention was highly effective in decreasing serum lipid parameters of pre-diabetes individuals, which may reduce their risk of developing coronary disease.

PMID: 12592686 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12592686

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on in H22 Hepatoma Cells in vitro.

Background: Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are active constituents of Astragalus membranaceus. They have been widely studied, especially with respect to their immuno-potentiating properties, their ability to counteract the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, and their anticancer properties. 

Conclusion: APS can enhance the chemosensitivity of H22/ADM cells. This may involve the downregulation of MDR1 mRNA expression, inhibition of P-GP efflux pump function, or both, which would decrease the expression of the MDR1 protein.

BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Jul 11;12(1):94.
Tian QE, Li HD, Yan M, Cai HL, Tan QY, Zhang WY.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22784390

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Inhibiting effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on the functions of CD4+CD25 highTreg cells in the tumor microenvironment of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), the main active extract from Astragalus membranaceus (a traditional Chinese medicinal herb), is associated with a variety of immunomodulatory activities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of APS on the function of Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify the pharmacologic mechanism of APS responsible for the anti-chemotactic activity in CD4+CD25highTreg cells in tumor site of HCC.

Conclusion: The increase in numbers of tumor associated Treg cells might play a role in modulation of the immune response against HCC. APS can restore the cytokine balance in the tumor micro environment and suppress the expression of FOXp3 mRNA to inhibit the immune suppressive effects of Treg cells. The application of APS in the tumor microenvironment might act to enhance the anti-tumor effects of the immunotherapy-based methods, and consequently to increase the survival rate in HCC.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22490576

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Anti-Tumor Effects of Atragalus on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in vivo

Background: The objective of the present study is to investigate the anti-proliferation activity of Astragalus on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its mechanism.

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that Astragalus has significant anti-tumor effect in vivo in inducing apoptosis of H22 tumor cells by promoting protein expression of Bax, decreasing protein expression of Bcl-2 gene, and markedly increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22345875

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Immunomodulatory effects of Astragalus gypsicolus hydroalcoholic extract in ovalbumin-induced allergic mice model.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that herbal extracts possess various biological effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. The present study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of the Astragalus gypsicolus (AG) hydroalcoholic extract in early allergic sensitized mice induced by ovalbumin.

Conclusion: Our results indicate two main active constituents including flavonoids and terpenoids are present in the AG hydroalcoholic extract. Intrapritoneal injection of the AG hydroalcoholic extract was able to decrease IL-4 and increase IFNγ. It seems the AG hydroalcoholic extract has the potential to modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines in allergy.

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 Dec;10(4):281-8.
Ghafourian Boroujerdnia M, Azemi ME, Hemmati AA, Taghian A, Azadmehr A.
Pharmacognosy Department, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22184271

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Astragalus membranaceus lectin (AML) induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human leukemia cells.

Background: Recently, plant lectins have attracted great interest due to their various biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-fungal and anti-viral activities. We have reported earlier concerning anti-proliferation of human cancer cell lines by a galactose-binding lectin (AML), from a Chinese herb, ASTRAGALUS MEMBRANACEUS: In the present study, detailed investigations into the mechanism of such anti-proliferation properties have been carried out.

Conclusion: AML induced apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner in the chronic myeloid leukemia cell line, K562. Furthermore, we observed that cytotoxicity and apoptosis of K562 cells induced by AML were completely abolished in presence of lactose or galactose. Our results suggest that AML could act as a potential anti-cancer drug.

Cell Prolif. 2012 Feb;45(1):15-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00800.x. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
Huang LH, Yan QJ, Kopparapu NK, Jiang ZQ, Sun Y.
Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22172162

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Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on proliferation and Akt phosphorylation of the breast cancer cell line

Background: To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on proliferation of basal-like breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 cells and Akt phosphorylation in MDA-MB-468 cells.

Results: APS at 1 and 0.5 mg/mL concentrations effectively inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells and was used in subsequent tests. Compared with the control group, APS decreased the protein expression of p-Akt (Thr308) in MDA-MB-468 cells after 1-, 2-, 4- and 7-day culture, and also decreased the protein expression of p-Akt (Ser473) and up-regulated the protein expression of MDM2 in MDA-MB-468 cells after 1- and 2-day culture. Expressions of p53 and PTEN were up-regulated after 7 d of APS culture. After silencing PTEN gene by siRNA, APS could not mediate Akt phosphorylation.

Conclusion: APS can inhibit proliferation of basal-like breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468, and down-regulate the expression of Akt phosphorylation. The antiproliferation mechanisms may be related to its effects of up-regulating the expressions of p53 and PTEN by regulating p53/MDM2 positive and negative feedback loops.

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2011 Dec;9(12):1339-46.
Ye MN, Chen HF, Zhou RJ, Liao MJ.
Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22152773

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Astragalus polysaccharide injection integrated with vinorelbine and cisplatin for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: effects on quality of life and survival.

Background: A platinum-based two-drug regimen is currently the standard of care for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, chemotherapy-induced side effects still remain a significant clinical problem.

Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a polysaccharide isolated from the radix of astragalus membranaceus, a commonly used herbal compound in traditional Chinese medicine. APS was reported to increase tumor response, stabilize and improve performance status, and reduce chemotherapy toxicity.

Conclusion: After 3 cycles of treatment, there were significant differences in the overall patient QOL (P = 0.003), physical function (P = 0.01), fatigue (P < 0.001), nausea and vomiting (P < 0.001), pain (P = 0.007), and loss of appetite (P = 0.023) between the two study groups. In summary, we have proved that the treatment of APS integrated with VC had significantly improved QOL in patients with advanced NSCLC compared with VC alone.

Med Oncol. 2011 Sep 18.
Guo L, Bai SP, Zhao L, Wang XH.
The Fifth Department of Oncology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, China.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21928106

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Effect of SPPW on the invasive and metastatic capacities of human gastric cancer cells

Background: To clarify the action and possible mechanisms of SPPW, a Chinese herbal preparation consisting of Herba Scutellariae Barbatae, RadixAstragalus, Radix Glycyrrhizae, etc., in suppressing the metastasis of human gastric cancer, by way of observing its effect on the invasive and metastatic capacities of gastric cancer cells.

Conclusion: SPPW could lower the adhesion of gastric cancer cells to matrigel, and lower the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Meanwhile, it could down-regulate the mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-9 and VEGF, which may possibly be one of its mechanisms for influencing the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells.

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2011 Jul;31(7):921-5.
Shi HT, Dong L, Dang XY.
Department of Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21866662

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Astragalus saponins modulate cell invasiveness and angiogenesis in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: We had reported that Astragalus saponins (AST) exert promising anti-tumorigenic effects by suppressing the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. In the present study, we further investigated the anti-angiogenic property of AST in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Results: AST could induce apoptosis in AGS cells by activating caspase 3 with subsequent cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Besides, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase had been observed in AST-treated cells, leading to substantial growth inhibition. The anti-proliferative effect of AST was associated with the regulation of cyclin B1, p21 and c-myc. Results indicate that the number of AGS cells invaded through the Matrigel membrane was significantly reduced upon AST treatment, with concomitant down-regulation of the pro-angiogenic protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as the metastatic proteins metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9.

Conclusion: AST derived from the medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus could modulate the invasiveness and angiogenesis of AGS cells besides its pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative activities. These findings also suggest that AST has the potential to be further developed into an effective chemotherapeutic agent in treating advanced and metastatic gastric cancers.

J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jun 1;141(2):635-41. Epub 2011 Aug 12.
Auyeung KK, Woo PK, Law PC, Ko JK.
Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21864667

Astragalus tea from the Chinese native herb of the same name is used in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. A source of antioxidants, astragalus tea can easily be made at home using dried astragalus root. Many herbal remedies are best used when cooked as a tea infusion.

Traditional holistic medicine cites astragalus tea as a chief energy tonic. The beverage has scientifically proven immune systemenhancing benefits. The herb is also helpful in combating viral infections. It may be used in treating:

* liver damage,
* hepatitis,
* influenza,
* peripheral circulation,
* immune disorders,
* tissue damage, and
* hypertension.

It may even be able to help people living with HIV and AIDS.

The alternative medicine contains diuretic properties. It has been used for heart, lung, stomach, and kidney healing, too. Astragalus root can be used in detoxification, white blood cell stimulation, and anti-aging formulas. It can also help reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.

Nutritionally, astragalus tea is full of heath benefits as well. The tea is a rich source of 14 minerals, including iron and zinc. It also contains several amino acids, flavonoids, choline, folic acid, several vitamins, and many other healthful ingredients.

To make astragalus tea, several pieces of cooking equipment are needed. These include an airtight container, a cooking pot a coffee filter, and a mug. The only ingredients necessary are astragalus root and water. Add four ounces (113 grams) of fresh astragalus root or half an ounce (14 grams) of dried root to a pot of boiling water and allow to infuse for four minutes.

Strain the tea through the filter or a piece of cheesecloth. Pour into the mug and allow to cool slightly before drinking. If tea bags are used, they may be boiled for three minutes and pressed to enhance the tea's flavor. Any remaining tea should be stored in the airtight container and placed inside the refrigerator.

Honey may be added for sweetening. Commercially available astragalus tea may include jasmine for flavoring as well. For optimal benefits, drink the tea two to four times daily. The traditional Chinese medicine may also be enjoyed cold.

In addition to its tea form, astragalus extract can be taken in other forms. Liquid tinctures, tablets, and capsules of the plant based medicine can also be used by people wanting the herb's benefits. There are no known astragalus side effects.

Astragalus is generally considered a safe tea for most people to drink. Children who are experiencing a fever should not take the herbal medicine until the sickness is completely gone. Some herbalists suggest mixing astragalus tea with Chrysanthemum tea for optimal immune system and circulatory system benefits.

Source: http://m.wisegeek.com/what-is-astragalus-tea.htm

Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) is a botanical member of the pea family that is native to China, Korea, and Mongolia. Also known by the common names of milk vetch or huang qi, the root of astragalus is believed to possess several medicinal properties. In fact, astragalus root has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries. In the U.S., it is available as a dietary supplement.

Researchers believe that the medicinal benefit of astragalus root is due to the presence of more than 40 constituents, including bioflavonoids, polysaccharides, and coumarins. The root also contains several amino acids and trace minerals.

Of particular interest, however, is astragaloside, a saponin that appears to provide protection of the heart by inhibiting the expression of certain proteins and improving the transport of calcium between cells under stress.

This activity has been observed in studies in which myocardial cell injury was induced by hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) and subsequent reoxygenation of cardiomyocytes in vitro. The introduction of astragaloside significantly suppressed troponin release, indicating minimal damage to the cells.

Astragalus root is also valued for its antioxidant and immunostimulating qualities. In addition to deterring free radical activity, it is used to prevent and treat head colds and upper respiratory infections. Researchers have also noted that supplementation with astragalus root is especially beneficial for patients with compromised immune functioning, particularly those exposed to radiation therapy or chemotherapy.

Studies have shown that astragalus root also provides anti-inflammatory activity. For this reason, it is recommended as a topical treatment for wounds and internally for stomach ulcers. IN addition, the herb is used as a diuretic, and a digestive aid to ease nausea and diarrhea.

The list of conditions astragalus root is used to treat is lengthy. As an immune booster, it is often suggested to check hyperthyroidism, herpes, heart disease, and diabetes. As an inflammatory, it is used to treat allergies, asthma, fever, and chronic fatigue. It is also frequently recommended to prevent and/or treat kidney disorders and atheriosclerosis.

The root can be prepared and taken in a variety of ways. It may be made into an alcohol-basedtincture, as a decoction (strong tea), or as an extract for injection. The dried and powdered root is also available in capsule form. In addition, the fresh root may be cut or sliced and added to tea, soup, or other foods, or even chewed raw. However, the root should be harvested from mature plants, usually when they are four years old.

Astragalus root is generally well tolerated and does not produce any significant side effects. However, it may interact with other medications. For example, this herb may increase the action of antiviral drugs (i.e., acyclovir and interferon), diuretics, immune-suppressing drugs, and blood-thinners (Warfarin). In addition, astragalus root should not be taken during pregnancy or while nursing.

Source: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-astragalus-root.htm

Chysanthemum tea has numerous uses in traditional Chinese herbal medicine and naturopathic medicine. The flowers of the Chrysanthemum indicum, or the common yellow mum, are dried and made into a tea. It is often used to alleviate the symptoms of influenza and the common cold, such as congestion and fever.

Chrysanthemum petals contain vitamins A and B1, flavonoids, as well as chemical nutrients like calcium and phosphorous. The tea has both antiviral and antimicrobial properties and has shown promise in treating asthma and heart conditions. Chrysanthemum tea has been used for centuries in China for its medicinal properties, and researchers there continue to examine the many health benefits of drinking it.

There seem to be strong anti-inflammatory properties in chrysanthemum tea. The Chinese have used it since ancient times for the treatment of illnesses such as the flu, tonsillitis, and pneumonia.

Its antibacterial properties often lead herbalists and naturopaths to prescribe it as a natural remedy for streptococcus and staphylococcus. The tea often helps to reduce the fever associated with viral infections.

Some patients have reported success in alleviating migraine headaches through its use. Naturopaths and Chinese herbal doctors often recommend drinking it on a regular basis because of the many health benefits they believe it carries.

Several research studies have been done on the effects of chrysanthemum tea and extracts from the plant. For example, the tea was shown in animal trials to slow or prevent xanthine oxidase from converting into uric acid, a contributing factor in gout.

* Human trials in China showed promising results as well.

* Another animal study with chrysanthemum tea showed that administering the water extract from the flower caused the coronary arteries of the test subjects to dilate. This lends credence to its use in herbal medicine to treat heart conditions such as high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and coronary heart disease.

* Tests have also been conducted to see how effective it is in relieving arthritis pains.

The chrysanthemum tea that is often purchased is composed of the dried leaves of the flower, but any portion of the plant that’s above ground can actually be used to make a tea. To make it at home, a person need just place 10 to 20 of the dried flowers in a pot and then pour boiling water onto the flowers and add honey or sugar to sweeten it. It takes about five minutes for the nutrients in the flowers to seep into the water. Chrysanthemum tea can be consumed either hot or cold, and naturopaths often recommend one or two cups per day for the treatment or prevention of illness.

Source: http://m.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-medical-uses-of-chrysanthemum-tea.htm

Effect of jiangtangkang (a chrysanthemum product) on blood glucose, sensitivity of insulin and blood viscosity in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To study the hypoglycemic effect of Jiangtangkang (JTK), a Chrysanthemum product and its influence on sensitivity of insulin in non-insulin dependant diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).

Method: Newly discovered (71 cases) and poorly controlled (117 cases) NIDDM were divided to JTK, 8 g each time, 3 times per day, and the control (Glibenclazide in newly discovered, no treatment in poorly controlled) group respectively.

Results: After 2 months of treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PBG), glucosylated hemoglobin (GHb) improved remarkably and insulin of plasma remained unchanged in JTK group, their blood viscosity and triglyceride decreased after 6-month reatment, the FBG, PBG lowered in the control group while their viscosity and lipids were unaffected. Insulin tolerance test on newly discovered NIDDMs showed an increased sensitivity to insulin, their serum chromium elevated, and the urinary albumin in poorly controlled persons lowered significantly.

Conclusion: JTK might improve the sensitivity to insulin and decrease the blood viscosity in NIDDM.

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1997 Nov;17(11):666-8.
Chen SH, Sun YP, Chen XS.
Department of Internal Medicine, Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10322847

The effect of medicinal plants of Islamabad and Murree region of Pakistan on insulin secretion from INS-1 cells.

Discussion: In vitro testing of the extracts of medicinal plants collected from Islamabad and the Murree region on insulin secretagogue activity was carried out. Dried ethanol extracts of all plants (ZH1-ZH19) were dissolved in ethanol and DMSO, and tested at various concentrations (between 1 and 40 microg/mL) for insulin release from INS-1 cells in the presence of 5.5 mM glucose. Glibenclamide was used as a control.

Results: Promising insulin secretagogue activity in various plant extracts at 1, 10, 20 and 40 microg/mL was found, while in some cases a decrease in insulin secretion was also observed. Artemisia roxburghiana, Salvia coccinia and Monstera deliciosa showed insulin secretagogue activity at 1 microg/mL (p < 0.05) while Abies pindrow, Centaurea iberica and Euphorbia helioscopia were active at 10 microg/mL (p < 0.05).

Extracts of Bauhinia variegata and Bergenia himalacia showed effects at 20 microg/mL (p < 0.05), and Taraxacum officinale and Viburnum foetens at 40 microg/mL (p < 0.05). Insulin secretagogue activity could not be detected in the extracts of Adhatoda vasica, Cassia fistula, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Morus alba, Plectranthus rugosus, Peganum harmala and Olea ferruginea.

Conclusion: The results suggest that medicinal plants of Islamabad and the Murree region of Pakistan may be potential natural resources for antidiabetic compounds.

Phytother Res. 2004 Jan;18(1):73-7.
Hussain Z, Waheed A, Qureshi RA, Burdi DK, Verspohl EJ, Khan N, Hasan M.
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Pakistan. chem63@yahoo.com

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14750205

The protective effects of Lycium barbarum and Chrysanthemum morifolum on diabetic retinopathies in rats.

Abstract:

The effects of Lycium barbarum and Chrysanthemum morifolum extracts on diabetic retinopathy were evaluated. The diabetes model was induced by streptozotocin. Animals were divided into six groups: the control group received only vehicle; diabetic animal models received no treatment, insulin treatment, Lycium extract, Chrysanthemum extract, or a combination of Lycium and Chrysanthemum extracts, respectively. Retinal function was evaluated by electroretinography, and the diabetic progression was monitored by blood test for hyperglycemia.

In addition, retinal histopathology and retinal glial reactivity were also investigated. The electroretinographic amplitudes of the a- and b-waves were significantly decreased in the diabetic animals, and the implicit time of the b-wave was also delayed, compared to the control group. However, reductions in the a- and b-wave amplitudes were not observed in the Lycium-treated group. Histopathological studies showed no significant differences between the Lycium-treated, Chrysanthemum-treated, Lycium/Chrysanthemum-treated groups, and the control group.

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that L. barbarum may have protective effects in diabetic retinopathy.

Vet Ophthalmol. 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2012.01018.x.
Hu CK, Lee YJ, Colitz CM, Chang CJ, Lin CT.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Division of Ophthalmology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan Animal Health Quest Solutions, LLC and Aquatic Animal Eye Care, LLC, Jupiter, FL, USA Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487267

Chrysanthemum indicum L. Extract Induces Apoptosis through Suppression of Constitutive STAT3 Activation in Human Prostate Cancer DU145 Cells.

Abstract: Chrysanthemum indicum L. has been shown to possess antiinflammatory and anticancer activities, but its molecular targets/ pathways are not yet fully understood in tumor cells. In the present study, the potential effects of C. indicum on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in different tumor cells were examined.

Results: The solvent fractions (hexane, CH(2) Cl(2) , EtOAc, and BuOH,) were obtained from a crude extract (80% EOH extract) of C. indicum. The methylene chloride fraction of C. indicum (MCI) exhibited strong cytotoxic activity as compared with the other fractions and clearly suppressed constitutive STAT3 activation against both DU145 and U266 cells, but not MDA-MB-231 cells.

The suppression of constitutive STAT3 activation by MCI is associated with blocking upstream JAK1 and JAK2, but not Src. MCI downregulated the expression of STAT3-regulated gene products; this is correlated with the accumulation of the cell cycle at sub-G1 phase, the induction of caspase-3 activation, and apoptosis.

Moreover, the major components of the MCI were bioactive compounds such as sudachitin, hesperetin, chrysoeriol, and acacetin. Sudachitin, chrysoeriol, and acacetin also exerted significantly cytotoxicity, clearly suppressed constitutive STAT3 activation, and induced apoptosis, although hesperetin did not show any significant effect in DU145 cells.

Conclusion: Overall, our results demonstrate that MCI could induce apoptosis through inhibition of the JAK1/2 and STAT3 signaling pathways. 

Phytother Res. 2012 Mar 22. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4689.
Kim C, Kim MC, Kim SM, Nam D, Choi SH, Kim SH, Ahn KS, Lee EH, Jung SH, Ahn KS.
College of Oriental Medicine and Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22438130

Reversal effects of traditional Chinese herbs on multidrug resistance in cancer cells.

Abstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR) continues to be a major obstacle for successful anticancer therapy. In this work, fractions from 17 clinically used antitumour traditional Chinese medicinal herbs were tested for their potential to restore the sensitivity of MCF-7/ADR and A549/Taxol cells to a known antineoplastic agent.

Results: The effects of these fractions were evaluated by MTT method and an assay of the cellular accumulation of doxorubicin. Fractions from the PB group (herbs with the ability to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis) showed more significant effects than fractions from the CH group (herbs with the ability to clear away heat and toxic materials). Fractions from CH₂Cl₂ extracts were more effective than fractions from EtOAc extracts.

Conclusion: Five herbs (Curcuma wenyujin, Chrysanthemum indicum, Salvia chinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and Cassia tora L.) could sensitise these resistant cancer cells at a non-toxic concentration (10 µg mL⁻¹), and markedly increased doxorubicin accumulation in MCF-7/ADR cells, which necessitates further investigations on the active ingredients of these herbs and their underlying mechanisms.

Nat Prod Res. 2011 Nov;25(19):1885-9. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
Yang L, Wei DD, Chen Z, Wang JS, Kong LY.
Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21848372

Protective effect of Glycine max and Chrysanthemum indicum extracts against cisplatin-induced renal epithelial cell death.

Abstract: Although cisplatin is one of the most efficient chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of solid tumors, frequently observed nephrotoxicity has limited its use in several patients.

Method: The protective effect of Glycine max (GM) and Chrysanthemum indicum (CM) extracts on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human proximal tubular HK-2 cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Hoechst 33342, and propidium iodide assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by flow cytometry with 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH(2)-DA).

Results: Cisplatin-induced renal cell toxicity through the induction of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and hydroxyl radical (OH(•-)). CM extract protected cisplatin-induced apoptosis by its anti-oxidant activity against H(2)O(2) and OH(•-), while GM extract scavenged only H(2)O(2). Furthermore, GM and CM extracts protect renal cells without significant interfering effect on cisplatin toxicity in lung cancer H460 and melanoma G361 cells.

Conclusion: GM and CM extracts exhibited a promising protective effect on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity which could benefit the development for nephroprotective approaches.

Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Dec;30(12):1931-44. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
Pongjit K, Ninsontia C, Chaotham C, Chanvorachote P.
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21406484

Toll-like receptor-dependent IL-12 production by dendritic cells is required for activation of natural killer cell-mediated Type-1 immunity induced by Chrysanthemum coronarium L.

Abstract: Type-1 immunity has an essential role for our host defenses against cancer and outer pathogens such as bacteria and virus. We demonstrated here that the edible plant extract of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (C. coronarium) remarkably activates Type-1 immunity in a Toll-like receptor (TLR)2-, TLR4-, and TLR9-dependent manner. In the present experiments, the extract of C. coronarium significantly induces interferon (IFN)-γ production by mouse spleen cells. In addition, the IFN-γ production by spleen cells was completely blocked by the addition of anti-Interleukin (IL)-12 monoclonal antibodies.

Results: We confirmed that NK1.1(+) natural killer (NK) cells, NKT cells, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells (DC) were immediately activated after the stimulation with the extract of C. coronarium and the IFN-γ production was abolished in NK1.1(+) cell-depleted spleen cells. The stimulation with the extract of C. coronarium caused DC maturation involving with up-regulations of surface expression levels of MHC class I, MHC class II, CD40, and CD86 as well as induction of IL-12 production.

The IFN-γ production induced by the extract was significantly reduced in the spleen cells depleted CD11c(+) cells. Furthermore, the IFN-γ production after the stimulation was strongly reduced in TLR4- and partially in TLR2- and TLR9-deficient spleen cells. Thus, we demonstrated the cellular mechanism for the activation of Type-1 immunity via NK cells, NKT cells, and DC by the extract of C. coronarium.

Conclusion: These findings strongly suggest that C. coronarium would be a promising immuno-improving adjuvant, which might be useful for prevention of infectious, cancer, and allergic diseases through the activation of Type-1 immunity.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2011 Feb;11(2):226-32. Epub 2010 Dec 7.
Tanaka S, Koizumi S, Masuko K, Makiuchi N, Aoyagi Y, Quivy E, Mitamura R, Kano T, Ohkuri T, Wakita D, Chamoto K, Kitamura H, Nishimura T.
Division of Immunoregulation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21144920

Gymnema sylvestre herb grows in South-east Asia. Its therapeutic role in relation to diabetes mellitus, rheumatic arthritis, weight management and gout have been well known for a long time by Ayurvedic doctors in India.  Extracts of this plant are widely used in Australian, Japanese, Vietnamese and Indian folk medicine.

However, gymnema is best known for its benefits in diabetes. It helps support healthy blood sugar levels. Gymnema sylvestre contains compounds known as gymnemic acids and tritepenoid saponins, gymnemasins A, B, C and D.

The leaves have antibacterial compounds. Anti-allergic, antiviral, lipid lowering and other effects are also reported. Rodent studies indicate that the use of this herbal extract may have the capacity to maintain healthy cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Source: http://www.raysahelian.com/gymnema.html

Abstract

Gymnema sylvestre is regarded as one of the plants with potent anti diabetic properties. This plant is also used for controlling obesity in the form of Gymnema tea. The active compound of the plant is a group of acids termed as gymnemic acids.

It has been observed that there could be a possible link between obesity, Gymnemic acids and diabetes. This review will try to put forth an overall idea about the plant as well as present a molecular perspective linking the common medicine to the most common metabolic disorders.

Conclusions

Although there are many phytoconstituents that could combat diabetes and obesity, a single phytoconstituent that could be used in the treatment of both the diseases simultaneously would be a welcome addition. Gymnemic acid fulfills this criterion. The common masses do not avail of the fact that obesity can also be caused due to over-accumulation of sugar molecules specially sucrose, along with fat molecules.

The common man layman needs to be made aware of these facts, since they are posing a big threat after cardiac problems and cancer. This review paper aimed at putting forth a molecular perspective of the medicinal aspect of gymnemic acids, and also a possible linkage between obesity and diabetes via a potential common medicine.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2170951/

Characterisation of the Insulinotropic Activity of an Aqueous Extract of Gymnema Sylvestre in Mouse β-Cells and Human Islets of Langerhans

Bo Liu, Henry Asare-Anane, Altaf Al-Romaiyan, GuoCai Huang1, Stephanie A. Amiel1, Peter M. Jones and Shanta J. Persaud

Beta Cell Development & Function Group and 1Division of Gene & Cell Based Therapy, King’s College, London

Abstract:

Leaves of the Gymnema sylvestre (GS) plant have been used to treat diabetes mellitus for millennia, ... Identification of the component of the
OSA extract that stimulates regulated insulin exocytosis, and further investigation of its mode(s) of action, may provide promising lead targets for Type 2 diabetes therapy.

Conclusion:

In summary, these data provide convincing evidence that low concentrations of the Gymnema sylvestre isolate OSA stimulate insulin secretion from mouse β-cells and isolated human islets in vitro, without compromising β-cell viability. These observations also indicate that OSA stimulates increases in Ca2+ influx in β-cells through VOCCs and that these elevations in Ca2+ may contribute to the enhanced secretory output.

The ability of OSA to cause small increases in insulin secretion under conditions where its effects on Ca2+ influx were abolished imply that at least part of its insulin secretagogue effect is independent of increases in Ca2+. Our demonstration that OSA has direct insulin secretagogue effects in human islets validates its development for clinical use, and identification of the OSA component(s) that stimulates regulated insulin exocytosis may provide promising lead targets for Type 2 diabetes therapy.

Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, February 2009; 23:125-132

http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowAbstract&ArtikelNr=204101&Ausgabe=246379&ProduktNr=224332

http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&ArtikelNr=204101&Ausgabe=246379&ProduktNr=224332&filename=204101.pdf

A Novel Dihydroxy Gymnemic Triacetate Isolated from Gymnema Sylvestre Possessing Normoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activity on STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19703537

Just three cups of hibiscus tea a day were shown to reduce the blood pressure of people at risk of heart disease, stroke and kidney disease.

The drink contains extracts from the hibiscus sabdariffa flower, which boasts antioxidants that help to rid the body of harmful free radicals – destructive molecules that damage cells and DNA.

Studies have linked antioxidants to many health benefits, including protection against heart disease and cancer.

Several species of hibiscus are also revered for their medicinal properties.

In fact, several recent studies have shown that drinking hibiscus tea may help to lower blood pressure and serum cholesterol, deter the oxidation of free radicals, and prevent kidney disease associated with diabetic nephropathy.

Iaso tea is very good for improving colon health, which benefically affects the entire body, especialy the health of your digestive system. 

Cconstipation, bloating, indigestion, liver, kidney, lung issues, acid reflux symptoms, candida and gastro-intestinal ditresss often see improvement within the first few days. Everyone gets parasites at some point in their life, which often goes unnoticed, as they can live anywhere in the body, including the blood.

* 2 cups of regular green tea has approx. twice the antioxidants of red wine, 7 times that of orange juice and 20 times that of apple juice.

* Matcha, on a gram per gram basis, has approximately 10 times the polyphenols and antioxidants of regular teas.

* Matcha has approximately 9 times the beta-carotene of Spinach, 4 times that of carrots.

* Matcha contains essential vitamins and minerals for a healthy lifestyle.

Source: http://www.glucocil.com/research.html

Souce: http://www.greensilk.com/research.html

Source: http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2012/OB/C2OB25115A

Major clinical trials conducted by a team of researchers and doctors at the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis VA Hospital), demonstrate that mulberry leaf, the food source of silkworms, can help markedly stabilize blood sugar levels and inhibit carbohydrate absorption in Type 2 diabetics by providing additional support which enables them to make better dietary and lifestyle choices.

In these studies, a proprietary mulberry leaf extract developed by Lee Zhong, M.D., Ph.D., a graduate and former researcher at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), was shown conclusively to: 

* Reduce body's absorption of sugars and other carbohydrates 

* Lower post-meal blood sugar spikes and stabilize blood sugar levels: One of these studies published in Diabetes Care , the most widely read diabetes journal, reported an average 44 percent reduction in peak post-meal blood sugar elevations (or spikes). 

New data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that the prevalence of diabetes in America is growing at an alarming rate with 24 million people in the U.S. who are now living with diabetes versus 21 million only two years ago. That means nearly 8 percent of the U.S. population has diabetes, and approximately 90 percent of those patients have Type 2 diabetes, greatly linked with obesity, poor diet and a lack of exercise, experts say. 

"What is so exciting and promising about our research is that it shows the mulberry leaf, a simple natural ingredient derived from a tree, can nutritionally help improve the blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetics who struggle every day to follow a balanced diet and maintain a healthy weight, which is essential for managing Type 2 diabetes," said Dr. Zhong.

"The ability to maintain stable blood glucose levels around meals is especially important for helping those Type 2 diabetics who are trying to make the right dietary and lifestyle choices to manage their health (or wellness). More and more studies have shown that controlling the blood sugar fluctuations (highs and lows) before and after meals is essential for helping those diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Maintaining normal blood sugar levels through nutritional support is vital for those who are trying to manage their blood sugar levels primarily through diet and exercise." 

Mulberry (Morus alba) leaf, the food of silkworms, has been used as a healthful food ingredient for humans in India, as well as in Chinese traditional medicine for hundreds of years as a "cooling" herb to remove excessive heats and toxins from the body. However, it was not until recent years that it started gaining attention by doctors and scientists for its promising blood sugar management properties. Studies have shown, among other things, that alkaloids and N-containing sugars isolated from mulberry leaves are potent inhibitors of alpha glucosidase, a key enzyme in carbohydrate and sugar metabolism pathways. 

It is important to note, though, that the health benefits of mulberry leaf extracts vary greatly with differences in extraction methods. Research shows that some extracts have basically no effects on blood glucose, while others are comparable to some pharmaceuticals. 

"I am very encouraged by these research findings and believe that this natural herbal ingredient, mulberry leaf extract, can be an important complement to a Type 2 diabetes patient's existing management plan," said Janice Baker, M.B.A., R.D., CDE, a registered dietitian and certified diabetes educator. "It's safe and obviously effective based on the clinical data I've reviewed.

It appears that the mulberry leaf extract can make managing blood sugar levels and weight just that much easier for people with Type 2 diabetes, which is a constant and daily struggle. Of course, I recommend that all patients first seek their doctor's or dietitian's advice before integrating mulberry extract into their existing treatment plan." 

Source: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/114768.php

Influence of Mulberry Leaf Extract on the Blood Glucose and Breath Hydrogen Response to Ingestion of 75 g Sucrose by Type 2 Diabetic and Control Subjects

Mitchell Mudra, BA, Nacide Ercan-Fang, MD, Litao Zhong, MD, PhD, Julie Furne, BS, Michael Levitt, MD

Abstract:

In Asia, type 2 diabetes is treated with mulberry leaf. Studies supporting thisusage include the demonstration that mulberry leaf:

1) reduced blood glucose in normal rats (1) and rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (2) or alloxan (3),

2) reduced fasting blood glucose and A1C concentrations in 12 subjects with type 2 diabetes (4), and

3) relative to glybenclamide therapy, reduced fasting blood glucose, serum lipids, and lipid peroxidation indicators in subjects with type 2 diabetes (5).

Conclusion:

The co-ingestion of mulberry extract with 75 g sucrose significantly reduced the increase in blood glucose observed over the initial 120 min of testing in control and type 2 diabetic subjects (Fig. 1). Blood glucose declines at the tail end of the study were less with extract. Thus, peak-to-trough fluctuations in blood glucose were markedly reduced by mulberry ingestion.

The mulberry-induced reduction in blood glucose presumably reflects the ability of mulberry to inhibit intestinal sucrase (9). The increased H2 observed with mulberry indicates that this supplement induced sucrose malabsorption. The reduction of blood glucose at early time points but higher values at later time points with mulberry would yield relatively minor alterations in A1C. However, factors other than A1C concentrations may play a role in the microvascular complications of diabetes (10,11).

Brownlee (12) proposed that generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the common pathway responsible for diabetes complications, and glucose fluctuations are associated with increased markers of oxidative injury (13). Thus, reductions in blood glucose fluctuation with mulberry extract might reduce diabetes complications despite minor reduction of A1C.

Source: PDF File

Source: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/30/5/1272.full

Food-Grade Mulberry Powder Enriched with 1-deoxynojirimycin Suppresses Elevation of Blood Glucose in Humans.

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17555327?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.
Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum

Extract of black, green, & mulberry teas causes malabsorption of carbohydrate but not of triacylglycerol in healthy volunteers

Litao Zhong, Julie Furne, Michael D Levitt
NatureGen Inc, San Diego, CA (LZ), and VAMC (Research Service/151), Minneapolis, MN (JKF and MDL)

Abstract:

Background: In vitro studies suggest that extracts of black, green, and mulberry teas could interfere with carbohydrate and triacylglycerol absorption via their ability to inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase, sodium-glucose transporters, and pancreatic lipase.

Objective: We measured breath hydrogen and 13CO2 to investigate the ability of an extract of black, green, and mulberry tea leaves to induce malabsorption of carbohydrate and triacylglycerol in healthy volunteers.

Design: In a crossover design, healthy adult volunteers randomly ingested test meals with a placebo beverage or a preparation containing an extract of black (0.1 g), green (0.1 g), and mulberry (1.0 g) teas. One test meal contained 50 g carbohydrate as white rice, 10 g butter, and 0.2 g [13C]triolein, and the beverages contained 10 g sucrose. The calorie content of the second test meal consisted entirely of lipid (30 g olive oil and 0.2 g [13C]triolein). Breath-hydrogen and 13CO2 concentrations were assessed hourly for 8 h, and symptoms were rated on a linear scale.

Results: With the carbohydrate-containing meal, the tea extract resulted in a highly significant increase in breath-hydrogen concentrations, which indicated appreciable carbohydrate malabsorption. A comparison of hydrogen excretion after the carbohydrate-containing meal with that after the nonabsorbable disaccharide lactulose suggested that the tea extract induced malabsorption of 25% of the carbohydrate. The tea extract did not cause triacylglycerol malabsorption or any significant increase in symptoms.

Conclusion: This study provides the basis for additional experiments to determine whether the tea extract has clinical utility for the treatment of obesity or diabetes.

For centuries, teas have been used as a treatment for diabetes mellitus in Asia. Multiple studies have shown that extracts of mulberry and other teas reduce blood glucose in type 2 diabetic persons (37-39) and in animal models of diabetes (40-43). This hypoglycemic effect generally has been attributed to alterations of the intermediary metabolism of glucose.

The present study indicates that carbohydrate malabsorption induced by tea extracts also could influence blood glucose concentrations.

A similar observation has been reported with an extract of the root of Salacia oblonga (44, 45). This extract reduces glucose absorption via inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase by 2 compounds, salcinol and kotanol, that differ in structure from the α-glucosidase inhibitors in the tea preparation. It also should be noted that 2 α-glucosidase–inhibiting drugs of bacterial origin (acarbose and miglitol) are available for the treatment of diabetes. 

Source: http://m.ajcn.org/content/84/3/551.full

Source: PDF File

Source: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jphs1951/26/4/26_4_461/_article

Mulberry leaves have long been used in Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of diabetes; they contain compounds that 
suppress high blood sugar levels.

Many claims of herbal medicine have withstood the tests of time and scientific scrutiny to become accepted by modern medical practitioners as both genuine and significant. In many cases, we can now pinpoint the chemical compounds that gave these ancient herbal remedies their biological activity. Sometimes we extract the compounds from the plants so that they can be used in supplements or drugs, and sometimes we synthesize them in the laboratory for the sake of greater purity or lower cost.*

*A favorite practice of the pharmaceutical industry is to take a biologically active natural substance and synthesize novel chemical derivatives that have similar biological activities (often more pronounced, but usually with unwanted side effects that the original substance did not have). These derivatives, belonging exclusively to the drug company that made them, can be patented and sold at high prices as prescription drugs.

Mulberry Fights Arterial Plaque

Scientists in Japan have pinpointed a number of biologically active compounds in extracts of the leaves of the white mulberry, Morus alba, a plant that silkworms are crazy about (see the sidebar).1 Not that the silkworms care, but the mulberry-leaf extract turns out to be effective in suppressing the progression of atherosclerosis, the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaque in our arteries.2 

It does this, apparently, by inhibiting the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, the “bad cholesterol”), which is a major factor in the development of atherosclerotic plaque.

The Japanese researchers reached this conclusion based on their observations of the antioxidant effects of the mulberry extract on LDL-cholesterol taken from both rabbits and humans. They believe that the agents primarily (but not exclusively) responsible for this effect are two closely related compounds, isoquercitrin and astragalin.  The former contains, as part of its molecular structure, the well-known antioxidant flavonoid quercetin, which is found in many foods and in a variety of nutritional supplements.

Mulberry Fights Diabetes

The antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic effects of mulberry are gratifying, of course (and here we’re making the assumption that the effects seen in laboratory and animal experiments would be seen in actual human beings as well), but there’s more to the story than that. Mulberry leaves have long been used in Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, because, as we now know, they contain chemical compounds that suppress high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) following a carbohydrate-rich meal.

Controlling blood sugar (glucose) levels is vitally important. When these levels rise sharply, as they do after ingesting foods with a high glycemic index, such as potatoes or sweets, the body responds by producing more insulin to deal with the overload. But if this demand for more insulin occurs too strongly too often, the ability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin may become impaired, and our cells may become resistant to insulin as it tries to do its job of facilitating glucose transport through the cell walls. The result is insulin resistance, a dangerous condition that, if unchecked, leads to type 2 diabetes. Its primary cause is obesity. Generally speaking, if you are obese, your risk for diabetes is high; if not, it’s low (unless you happen to have a genetic predisposition for diabetes).

There Are Different Ways to Attack Diabetes

Diabetes is a complicated disease with many ramifications, among which are increased risks for atherosclerosis and cataracts, both of which are strongly linked to oxidative stress caused by insufficient blood levels of antioxidants. The fact that people with diabetes have significantly lower antioxidant levels than normal suggests that this disease is affected byoxidative stress — a view that is supported by the well-known clinical efficacy of lipoic acid (“the antioxidant’s antioxidant”) in preventing and treating diabetes.

It is reasonable to suppose that many other antioxidants are also beneficial against diabetes, and some have indeed been proven to be effective. One of these is the compound EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), a green-tea polyphenol that also happens to be a potent anticarcinogen.

But there are other therapeutic approaches to diabetes as well. One is through compounds that mimic the effects of insulin, such as MHCP (methylhydroxychalcone polymer), a constituent of cinnamon. Another approach is through compounds that inhibit the action of intestinal enzymes called alpha-glucosidases, whose function is to break disaccharides (double sugars, such as sucrose, maltose, and lactose) down to monosaccharides (single sugars, such as glucose, fructose, and galactose) so that they can pass through the intestinal walls into the bloodstream.

Mulberry Controls Blood Sugar

Another research group in Japan has found that white mulberry leaves contain compounds that inhibit these intestinal enzymes.3 In experiments with normal rats, they found that certain nitrogen-containing sugars in mulberry-leaf extract, notably one called 1-deoxynojirimycin, strongly inhibited the intestinal metabolism of disaccharides (especially sucrose), thereby restricting the amounts of monosaccharides that entered the circulation. They also found that pretreating the rats with mulberry extract before feeding them carbohydrates significantly suppressed the normal postprandial (after-meal) rise in blood glucose levels.

This beneficial effect occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The doses were, however, very large: 0.1–0.5 g/kg of body weight, which, for a 70-kg (154-lb) human, would be 7–35 g. (A lower dose, 0.02 g/kg, corresponding to 1.4 g for a human, was ineffective.) Nonetheless, the researchers suggested that mulberry extract might be beneficial in preventing human diabetes by suppressing intestinal alpha-glucosidase activities.

Mulberry Protects Blood-Cell Membranes

The researchers were interested in the patients’ erythrocyte membranes because these delicate structures, consisting primarily of lipids (fatty substances, including cholesterol), are subject to peroxidation, a destructive process brought about by the highly reactive molecular species known as free radicals. Such oxidative stress is normally offset by the presence of antioxidants, but the levels of these vital protective compounds are typically below normal in diabetic patients, as mentioned above. The resulting damage to the patients’ erythrocyte membranes can compromise their health in various ways—all part of the scourge of diabetes, in which excessive lipid peroxidation and its destructive effects are characteristic features.

It turned out that mulberry significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in the patients’ erythrocyte membranes, whereas glibenclamide did not. Mulberry also brought about significant reductions in the levels of lipid peroxides in the patients blood plasma and urine. The authors stated:

Conclusion

In conclusion, the present study provides preliminary data that suggest that mulberry therapy is capable of enhancing glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our work suggests that serum and erythrocyte membrane lipids of diabetic patients were favorably affected by mulberry therapy.

Source: http://www.life-enhancement.com/article.aspx?ID=992

Mulberry is a blackberry-like fruit that grow on trees of the Morus genus. Mulberry Tea is made from the extract of the mulberry leaf which happens to also be a favorite treat of the silk worms. One of the most outstanding qualities of the Mulberry leaf is that it prevents sugars from entering into your bloodstream.

A research group in Japan found that white mulberry leaves contain compounds that inhibit intestinal enzymes from passing sugars into the bloodstream.

* This inhibitor compound known as 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), can only be extracted from the mulberry leaf. By preventing large amounts of monosaccharide from entering into circulation, Mulberry Tea helps prevent and fight diabetes.

* Through the same study, the Mulberry leaf has also been proven to increase insulin levels in the blood, which is yet another way Mulberry tea fights against diabetes.

* Laboratory tests show that ingesting foods high in cholesterol leads to a higher risk of developing Hyperlipemia. However, if the cholesterol foods are first blended with mulberry leaves before consumption, the rise of the cholesterol level in the blood is decreased to half the amount!

Source: http://www.rubidot.com/sites/eoncafe/health/mulberrytea.html

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has used White Mulberry Leaf Tea for over 400 years. In TCM the leaves of the white mulberry tree (called Sang ye in Chinese) is considered a cooling blood tonic and believed to benefit both the liver and lung energy meridians.

The White Mulberry tree (in Latin Morus alba) grows widely throughout Asia. This tree grows very fast as was also introduced widely in the USA during colonial times. Initially introduced in order to support schemes for domestic silk production, when this project failed, the tree was promoted as hog feed. Today many lucky people have these beautiful trees in their yards or nearby parks. One of the largest trees in New York's Central Park is a White Mulberry.

What are the health benefits of White Mulberry Leaf Tea (aka. Morus alba Tea)?

Chinese doctors most often recommend Mulberry leaf tea as a diabetes tea.However, Traditional Chinese Medicine also recommends White Mulberry leaf tea as an aid for a number of conditions including anemia, dry constipation, prematurely graying hair or baldness. It is also commonly drank to counter the symptoms of the common cold or flu including, sore throat, headache and cough.

There are studies that support the idea that White Mulberry Leaf Tea may be helpful in managing blood sugar.

Mulberry leaves contain a substance called Moranaline that may inhibit the some of the stomach enzymes responsible for processing fats and sugars. If true, this would result in fewer fats and sugars being absorbed into the blood stream ... the traditional uses combined with the available research is encouraging.

Source: http://www.immortalitea.com/mulberry.htm

Pau d'arco, Taheebo, Lapacho is an all natural anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal agent, has been shown to be effective against candida, herpes, prostitus, cancer, AIDS & more. At least one company has obtained a U.S. patent based on their research findings of a novel compound extracted from Tabebuia Avellanedae... commonly referred to as pau d'arco.

Source: http://www.atlantishealthcenters.com/pau-d-arco-tea-medical-research.htm

Yerba mate tea contains practically all of the vitamins to sustain life-powerful antioxidant, tone the nervous system, retard aging, combat fatigue, stimulate the mind, control the appetite, reduce stress, caffeine free ... can be served hot or cold

Vitamins A, C, E, B1, B2, B complex, riboflavin, vitamin C complex, magnesium, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, manganese, silicon. Specially large amounts of pantothenic acid, a significant and vital nutrient.

THE ONLY PLANT IN ANY AREA OF THE WORLD WITH SUCH A NUTRITIONAL VALUE !! 

One group of investigators from the Pasteur Institute and the Paris Scientific Society concluded that Yerba mate' contains practically all of the vitamins necessary to sustain life. They focused especially on pantothenic acid, remarking that it is rare to find a plant with so much of this significant and vital nutrient. It is indeed difficult to find a plant in any area of the world equal to Yerba mate' in nutritional value.

In addition, Yerba mate' contains a substance belonging to a very specialized class of chemical compounds. Though only small amounts of this substance occur in Yerba mate', its presence has generated a huge amount of attention. The substance is a xanthine alkaloid called mateine. Because of all the attention heaped upon its presence in yerbamate', the following fairly extensive treatment is given, even though in reality the substance probably contributes little if anything to the activity of the plant.

Source: http://www.yerbamate.cc/yerbamate.html

This study found that Yerba Mate extract has potent anti-obesity activityin vivo. Additionally, we observed that Yerba Mate treatment has a modulatory effect on glucose levels related to obesity.

The data presented in this study suggest that Yerba Mate extract may act synergistically to suppress body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation and to decrease the serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose.

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which has a fundamental role in metabolism and homeostasis regulation. The production and secretion of an excess or insufficient amount of adipokines greatly influence insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis and may provide a molecular link between increased adiposity and the development of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, and cardiovascular diseases.

In the present study, the level of leptin in serum was directly affected by a high-fat diet. Additionally, treatment with Yerba Mate extract recovered the concentration of leptin.

Yerba Mate has been shown to be hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, central nervous system stimulant, diuretic, and to benefit the cardiovascular system. It has also been suggested for obesity management. Yerba Mate protects DNA from oxidation and in vitro low-density lipoprotein lipoperoxidation and has a high antioxidant capacity.

It has also been reported that Yerba Mate tea is associated to both the prevention and the cause of some types of cancers.

This review presents the usage, chemistry, biological activities, health effects, and some technological considerations for processing of Yerba Mate tea. Furthermore, it assesses in a concise and comprehensive way the potential of Ilex paraguariensis as a source of biological compounds for the nutraceutical industry.

Mate tea consumption improved the glycemic control and lipid profile of T2DM subjects, and mate tea consumption combined with nutritional intervention was highly effective in decreasing serum lipid parameters of pre-diabetes individuals, which may reduce their risk of developing coronary disease.

Based on these results, concluded that all the investigated plant extracts have no toxic effect on male rat reproduction and progeny outcome.

The natural sweetener stevioside, which is found in the plant Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, has been used for many years in the treatment of diabetes among Indians in Paraguay and Brazil. The results indicate that the compounds may have a potential role as antihyperglycemic agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Stevia - 03 - Diabetes - Effect of Stevia Rebuadiana on gGlucose Tolerance in Normal Adult Humans - Clinical Study

The extract of Stevia rebaudiana increased glucose tolerance. The extract significantly decreased plasma glucose levels during the test and after overnight fasting in all volunteers.

Stevia - 04 - Stevia Increase the Renal Plasma Flow of normal and Hypertensive Rats - Clinical Study

These results are consistent with impairment of a renal-auto-regulation mechanism in this hypertensive model after Stevia administration. Stevia extract, at doses higher than used for sweetening purposes, is a vasodilator agent in normo- and hypertensive animals.

Stevia - 05 - Effectiveness and Tolerability of Oral Stevioside (Stevia) in Human Hypertension - Clinical Study

Stevia - 06 - Effects of Stevioside (Stevia) on Blood Pressure and Plasma Catcholomines - Clinical Study

The present data show that stevioside given intravenously to conscious SHR was effective in blood pressure reduction and there was no change in serum catecholamines in anaesthetized animals with this natural compound.

Stevia has undergone numerous toxicity tests. None of these tests have shown any harmful effects. Few substances can make this claim.Centuries of continuous use by natives of South America ... and added to a number of food products in Japan since the mid 1970. In addition, thousands of tons of stevia extracts have been consumed over the last 20 years in many countries with no harmful effects reported.

Stevia has the potential to become a popular non-caloric sweetener.

Apparently, because someone (FDA won't say who, but it's a big company) doesn't want it on the market, and convinced FDA to ban it. the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 has forced FDA to allow it in dietary supplements. The agency says it's still illegal to use it as a food ingredient, placing them in the rather stupid position of saying it's safe if labeled as a supplement, but not when sold in or as a food.

Stevia - Health and Wellness Trends - France

France is the first E.U. country to allow the use of stevia, a natural sweetener, as an ingredient in food and beverage products sold in France.

Private label brands are becoming increasingly popular in the French health food market, as consumers seek competitive prices, along with the same health benefits as branded foods. In 2008, private label brands had control of almost 28% of the better-for-you packaged food and beverage market and 23.5% of the organic food and beverage market

Stevia - Heritability for Yield, Leaf:Stem Ratio and Stevioside Content from a Landrace Cultivar of Stevia Rebaudiana

Bertoni is a herbaceous perennial native to the highlands of Paraguay. A number of compounds are present in the leaf tissue that have a potential food use as low calorie sweeteners. The purpose of this work was to determine if sufficient genetic variability was present in locally available stevia germplasm to allow selection of lines with agronomic and chemical properties suitable to local production conditions.

Yield, leaf:stem ratio and stevioside concentration were all found to be highly heritable. Yield levels were comparable to other stevia producing areas. Stevioside concentration was higher, probably as a result of production under long days. These initial results also show that Stevia has good potential for production in southwestern Ontario.

Stevia - The Cultivation of Stevia, "Nature's Sweetener"